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Solar panel angles in The Netherlands

Optimal fixed-panel tilt and orientation for 25 cities in The Netherlands, computed from solar geometry.

CityLatitudeOptimal tiltFacingFlat roof keeps
Rotterdam 51.92°N 42° south 79%
Amsterdam 52.37°N 42° south 79%
The Hague 52.08°N 42° south 79%
Utrecht 52.09°N 42° south 79%
Groningen 53.22°N 43° south 79%
Eindhoven 51.44°N 42° south 79%
Tilburg 51.56°N 42° south 79%
Breda 51.59°N 42° south 79%
Nijmegen 51.84°N 42° south 79%
Almere Stad 52.37°N 42° south 79%
Haarlem 52.38°N 42° south 79%
Arnhem 51.98°N 42° south 79%
's-Hertogenbosch 51.70°N 42° south 79%
Enschede 52.22°N 42° south 79%
Zaanstad 52.45°N 42° south 79%
Amersfoort 52.16°N 42° south 79%
Apeldoorn 52.21°N 42° south 79%
Hoofddorp 52.30°N 42° south 79%
Zwolle 52.51°N 42° south 79%
Leeuwarden 53.20°N 43° south 79%
Maastricht 50.85°N 41° south 80%
Leiden 52.16°N 42° south 79%
Dordrecht 51.81°N 42° south 79%
Zoetermeer 52.06°N 42° south 79%
Venlo 51.37°N 42° south 79%

How these angles are calculated